19.1 a) 8*6*cos (2*pi/3) b) (2^2+3^2-4^2)/2 c) (4^2+12^2-10^2)/2 f) 3*1*cos(0) 19.2 a) (2,-3).(4,2) b) (2,-3,1).(4,2,-5) c) (7,-4,2).(3,1,0) d) (0,0,0).(-2,6,0) 19.4 sqrt(4^2+2^2+6^2+2*(2*4+2*6+4*6)*cos(pi/3)) 19.5 x+3y-14=0 19.6 18*x-8y-53=0 19.9 a) 6-4 = sqrt(10)*sqrt(20)*cos(alpha) c) 2-4-4 = sqrt(9)*sqrt(21)*cos(alpha) 19.10 a) arccos((2,-7).(5,2)/sqrt(((2,-7).(2,-7))*((5,2).(5,2)))) b) arccos((4,16,-12).(-6,-24,18)/sqrt(((4,16,-12).(4,16,-12))*((-6,-24,18).(-6,-24,18)))) c) arccos((2,1,-8).(7,2,2)/sqrt(((2,1,-8).(2,1,-8))*((7,2,2).(7,2,2)))) d) arccos((5,-3,2).(1,3,4)/sqrt(((5,-3,2).(5,-3,2))*((1,3,4).(1,3,4)))) 19.11 a) (2,-5).(3,4)/sqrt((3,4).(3,4)) * b/sqrt((3,4).(3,4)) b) (4,-5,7).(-3,-2,4)/sqrt((-3,-2,4).(-3,-2,4)) * b/sqrt((-3,-2,4).(-3,-2,4)) 19.13 arccos((3,0,4).(7,0,1)/sqrt(((3,0,4).(3,0,4))*((7,0,1).(7,0,1)))) 19.14 arccos((1,1,0).(1,1,1)/sqrt(((1,1,0).(1,1,0))*((1,1,1).(1,1,1)))) 19.16 a) 3*4*sin(pi/3) b) 5*7*sin(arccos(-21/(5*7))) c) 3*6*sin(pi) d) a*b*sin(k*pi) 19.17 CrossProduct[(2,-3,1),(5,1,-2)], CrossProduct[(0,0,0),(2,-3,1)], CrossProduct[3(2,-3,1)-2(5,1,-2),(2,-3,1)+5(5,1,-2)] 19.19 b) CrossProduct[(1,-3,2),(-3,-1,-4)].CrossProduct[(1,-3,2),(-3,-1,-4)] d) CrossProduct[{3,-3,0},{-2,-1,0}].CrossProduct[{3,-3,0},{-2,-1,0}] 19.21 :( 19.25 a) Det[{-3,4,-7},{1,2,5},{1,-4,5}] c) -2*4*sin(pi/2)/3*3^2 19.26 Det[{3,6,3},{1,3,-2},{2,2,2}] CrossProduct[{3,6,3},{1,3,-2}].CrossProduct[{3,6,3},{1,3,-2}] (18/6)/((1/2)*sqrt(531)/3) 19.28 Det[{-1,-1,6},{-2,0,2},{1,-1,4}]